Morphology of the imperative (Hungarian)

ImpSpecSgSpecPl: Second-person singular and plural each have a specific imperative form.




Indefinite (nominal) conjugation

Definite (transitive) conjugation


kér

olvas

kér

olvas

Sg2

kér-j! kér-j-él!

olvas-s! olvas-s-ál!

kér-d! kér-j-ed!

olvas-d! olvas-s-ad!

Pl2

kér-j-etek!

olvas-s-atok!

kér-j-étek!

olvas-s-átok


The imperative forms are marked with -j in Hungarian, which is entirely assimilated  into some stems (Kenesei et al 1998: 310‒312, Keszler 2000). The imperative singular forms are different from the plurals, and the definiteness of the object of the transitive construction is reflected in the conjugation as well. Furthermore, the singular imperative forms have both a shorter and a longer form.

Author: 

Nikolett F. Gulyás