RelPro: Subject-headed relative clauses include both the nominal head of the relative clause in the main clause and an obligatory coreferential pronoun in the relative clause. The pronoun is marked as the subject of the relative clause, while the nominal head is marked for the role it plays in the main clause.

CorrelPro: Subject-headed relative clauses include both the nominal head in the relative clause, marked as the subject, and a coreferential (personal or demonstrative) pronoun in the main clause, marked for the role it plays in the clause.

(1) χort-ne             āmp-nәl    at    pil-ēγ-um.

bark-ptc.prs dog-abl     not   is_afraid_of-prs-1sg

‘I’m not afraid of barking dogs.’ (T. M.)

(2) am        ta     āmp wāγ-l-um               χotjut  χorti.

I            that dog know-obj-prs.1sg who bark.prs.3sg

‘I know that dog which is barking.’

In Northern Mansi, the participle constructions are the primary means of subordination (1). Recently, relative pronoun subordination has also appeared in the language, probably due to Russian influence (2) (Rombandeeva 1979). The latter construction is only used with concrete nouns, while the former can express generalizations too (S. D., oral communication).