Types of relativizers (Surgut Khanty)

RzerSuff: Relative clauses are marked by the use of a relativizing suffix that attaches directly or indirectly to the root of the verb stem.

InitRzerPro: Relative clauses are marked by the use of an obligatory clause-initial relative pronoun.


(1) ʌow mōq-ʌ-aʌ päwəʌtə-tə nīŋ pūpi

bear_cub-pl-3sg bath-prs.ptc woman bear

‘the mother bear which is bathing her cubs’ (Csepregi 2012b)


(2) āťe-m pūʌt-əm awʌ-ət

father-1sg harness-pst.ptc sledge-pl

‘the sledges prepared for the ride by my father’ (Csepregi 2012b)


(3) pūɣəʌ, qot säm-a pīt-əm, ənəʌ ʌɔ̄r qɔ̄nəŋ-nə ɔ̄məs-ʌ.

village where I eye-lat fall-pst.1sg large lake shore-loc sit-prs.3sg

‘The village, where I was born, is on the shore of a large lake.’ (Csepregi 2012b)


In Surgut Khanty, the suffix of the present participle (participum imperfectum) -t (1) and the suffix of the past participle ­әm (2) are used to make relative constructions. Sometimes, it can also be expressed by subordination where the relative pronoun of the subordinate clause precedes the finite verb (3).

Author: 

Márta Csepregi