Categorical status of auxiliaries (Surgut Khanty)

AuxVInfl: Auxiliary verbs are verbs, and the inflection of lexical and auxiliary verbs is the same.

AuxNotVInfl: Auxiliaries are verbs, but the inflection of auxiliaries is not identical to that of lexical verbs.


(1) əj ʌāt-nə īttən-ɣə jəɣ, pətəɣʌə-taɣə jə-ɣ

a time-loc evening-tra become-pst.3sg dark-inf begin-pst.3sg

‘All of a sudden it became night, it was getting dark.’ (Csepregi 1998: 74.)


(2) qoʌtɔ̄ɣiʌ pon wär-taɣə pīt-ʌ-əm

tomorrow fish_basket make-inf begin-prs-1sg

‘I’m going to make a fish-basket tomorrow.’ (Pesikova 2003a: 57.)


(3) īttən wēra-ɣa jaqə-n waʌ-taɣə mɔ̄s-ʌ

evening Vera-lat home-loc be-inf must/have_to-prs.3sg

‘In the evening, Vera has to/must be at home.’ (L. N. K.)


(4) īttən mān-tem jaqə-n waʌ-taɣə mɔ̄s-ʌ

evening I-dat home-loc be-inf must/have_to-prs.3sg

‘I have to/must be at home in the evening.’ (L. N. K.)


In Surgut Khanty, the verb jә­ ‘become something’ is often used as auxiliary next to infinitives of main verbs in order to express inchoative aktionsart (1). Similarly, the verb pīt­ ‘fall, come to’ is considered to be a future auxiliary in recent grammars (2). The verb mɔ̄s ‘must/have to’ expresses necessity and it has only third person forms (3), (4).

Author: 

Márta Csepregi