Neutr: Case alignment is neutral: the functions S, A, and P are not marked morphologically.

AAff: The function A is marked with affixation.

(1) īki ńāń ʌī-ʌ.

man bread eat-prs.3sg

‘The man is eating bread.’

(2) āŋki ńēwrem-əʌ ʌāpət-ʌ.

mother child-3sg feed-prs.3sg

‘The mother is feeding the child.’

(3) īki-nə ńāń ʌī-ʌ-i.

man-loc bread eat-prs-pass.3sg

‘The bread is eaten by the man.’

(4) ńēwrem jīs-əʌ.

child cry-prs.3sg

‘The child is crying.’

In Surgut Khanty, the agent next to active verbs is unmarked irrespective whether it is expressed by a noun or a pronoun. Due to the fact that the patient is not overtly marked morphologically, the S, the A, and the P functions are neutrally marked (1), (2). In Surgut Khanty, the passive construction is very common. In the passive, the A is marked by the locative suffix (3a). The S is always in the nominative case (4) irrespective of the voice of the sentence.