Word order of adverbial subordinators within finite clauses (Surgut Khanty)

NoAdvSb: The language does not have adverbial subordinators.

NoFinitAdvSb: Clauses with finite verbs are not used for adverbial subordination in the language.

InitAdvSb: An independent subordinator appears at the front of the subordinate clause.

FinalAdvSb: An independent subordinator appears at the end of the subordinate clause.


(1) lēkar-nam ťūt-at mən-əm, ūɣ-əm kəčə woʌ.

I doctor-apr that-fin go-pst.1sg head-1sg sick be.pst.3sg

‘I went to the doctor, because I had a headache.’ (L. N. K.)


(2) qūntə mīša jaqə ʌaŋ, māša kēm ʎīwət.

when Misha in enter.pst.3sg Masha out exit.pst.3sg

‘When Misha entered (the room), Masha left.’ (L. N. K.)


(3) mīša jaqə ʌaŋ-əʌ qūntə, māša kēm ʎīwət-əʌ.

Misha in enter-prs.3sg if Masha out exit-prs.3sg

’If Misha enters (the room), Masha leaves.’ (L. N. K.)


In Surgut Khanty, subordinate clauses that contain a conjunction are still rare. Adverbial subordination is not typical in the language. In the case of causal subordination, it is possible that only the relative term in the main clause marks the subordination (1). Temporal subordination may entail the conjunction qūntә ‘when’, which is put at the beginning of the clause (2). In conditional constructions, the conjunction meaning ‘if’ is put at the end of the clause (3).

Author: 

Márta Csepregi