Word order of adverbs (Surgut Khanty)

Adv1: The adverb precedes the first transitive argument; for example, AdvSVO for SVO sentences, AdvSOV for SOV sentences, etc.

Adv2: The adverb follows the first transitive argument and precedes the second; for example, SAdvVO for SVO sentences, SAdvOV for SOV sentences, etc.

Adv3: The adverb follows the second transitive argument and precedes the third; for example, SVAdvO for SVO sentences, SOAdvV for SOV sentences, etc.

Adv4: The adverb follows the third transitive argument; for example, SVOAdv for SVO sentences, SOVAdv for SOV sentences, etc.


(1a) īt nüŋ-at kēr-a lükəmtə-ʌ-əm.

now I you-acc stove-lat put-prs-1sg

‘Now, I’m going to put you in the stove.’ (Csepregi 1998: 66.)


(1b) īt nüŋ-at kēr-a lükəmtə-ʌ-əm.

I now you-acc stove-lat put-prs-1sg

‘Now, I’m going to put you in the stove.’ (Csepregi 1998: 66.)


(1c) nüŋ-at kēr-a lükəmtə-ʌ-əm qoʌtaɣəʌ.

I you-acc stove-lat put-prs-1sg tomorrow

‘I’m going to put you in the stove tomorrow.’


(2) āŋki paɣ-əʌ wīčipə wɔ̄č-nam kat-əɣ-təɣ.

mother boy-3sg always town-apr send-freq-pst.obj.3sg

‘The mother always sent his son to the city.’ (L. N. K.)


In Surgut Khanty, the position of the adverb is rather flexible. It can appear before the subject (1a), after the subject (1b), or after the object (2). In the basic word order, the verb is the last element of the sentence, but sometimes other elements can also follow it (1c). The topic requires further, corpus-based research.

Author: 

Márta Csepregi